Cyprien dubje



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. (J. DUBE.

STEAM OR-HOT WATER HEATER. No. 451,813. Patented May 5,1891.

WITNESSES: W INVENTOR:

' @u/WM/ K ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I 0. DUBE. STEAM OR HOT WATER HEATER.

No. 451,813. Patented May 5, 1891.

gl l ullllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIm'lIIIIIl/IIIII,Q

WITNESSES: l/VVE/VTO/if sf%%w I j ml ATTORNEYS w: NORRIS warns on, PnoTo-umu, WA5HINBTON, u c

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CYPRIEN DUBE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

STEAM OR HOT-WATER HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,813, dated May 5, 1891.

Application filed August 23, 1890. Serial No. 362,845- (No model.) i I To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CYPRIEN DUBE, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Steam or Hot- WVater Heater, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates particularly to steam or hot water heaters to be used for warming buildings; but theinvention is applicable for use in generating steam for motor-power or for heating Water for other purposes.

The invention has for its object to provide a simple and very eificient heater of this character havinglarge area of horizontal tubesurface, giving a verylarge heat-utilizing capacity and assuring maximum economy of fuel.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts of the heater, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,

in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my im proved heater. Fig. 2 is a central l0ngitudinal vertical section of the heater, taken on the line in w in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 00 a: in Fig. 2. Fig. at is a plan view in horizontal section on the line y 'y in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional elevation taken at the line z z in Fig. 2. i

I make the steam or hot water heater with a double shell A B, spaced apart by ordinary metal frame pieces or bars a, through which the shell fastening rivets pass. The shell thus provides a water-space within it or between its outer and inner plates A B, which are preferably arched over the top and extend vertically to form opposite sides of the heater, the front and rear walls of which consist, preferably, of cast-iron plates OD, respectively. A feed-door c and also suitable cleaning-doors c c and manhole-plates c c are provided in the front 0 for fuel-supply and cleaning purposes. In a lower opening 0 of the front is fitted a damper E of peculiar construction and operation relatively with the ordinary diaphragm-regulator F, and as hereinafter more fully explained. The usual bottom plate a, steam-dome a a steam-exitpipe connection a and a glass gage a are provided, as shown in the drawings. The gage has connection by its lower tube with an upper interior horizontal fire-tube boiler G, presently described, and by its upper tube it connects with the steam-space within the arched top of the double shell A B of the heater.

The fire-pot and grate of my heater are peculiarly constructed, so as to provide extraordinary extent of fire or heating surface A transversely-ranging chamber H, made of boiler-iron and preferably in elliptical general form,crosses the shell next its front and immediately below the fuel-feed door 0, and some distance behind this chamber I-I another larger and preferably elliptical water tube or chamber I crosses the heater and preferably stands edgewise at a slight backward incline. Both of these chambers are riveted or otherwise secured at their open opposite ends to the opposite sides of the inner shell B and have free communication with the two oppo: site side water-spaces between the shells A B of the heater, as most clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. The fire-grate is arranged between these two water'tubes or chambers H I, and consists of series of grate-bars J, which are suitably supported at their ends upon opposing faces of the water-tubes, and are alternately arranged with a series of eX- tra heavy pipes K, which are fitted into the opposing walls of the water-chambers H I, and have free communication with the interiors of said chambers. Hence there is a free circulation of water between the spaces at the opposite sides of the double shell A B, through the chambers H I and the gratetubes K.

I prefer to employ grate-bars J of the rocking type, which have pendent lugs entering holes of a transverse shaker-bar L, which projects through the shell and is coupled to and upon the rocking grate-bars J, which, when arranged alternately with the grate tubes, clear the fire quite as well as if the entire grate were composed of rocking bars alone.

It will be noticed that by the construction above described the fire-boxis formed mainly of water-backed walls comprising the opposite side shell-plates B B and the opposing or inside surfaces of the transverse water tubes or chambers II I, and these walls are supplemented by the grate water-tubes K. Hence there is a very large heating-surface available immediately at and next the firebox to insure the best steaming effects from tho fire directly and with economy of fuel. The rear larger water-tube I serves as a bridge-wall, over which the flame passes rearward to the upper horizontal boiler next clescribed. This upper boiler G is of the firetube pattern and may have any desired number of fire-tubes g, and at its bottom is provided with short tubes or thimbles n, to which are screwed T-fittings N, into opposite ends of each of which are fitted the inner ends of two water-tubes O O,whichat their outer ends are fitted to or through the opposite sides of the inner shell B of the heater. These tubes and fittings O N thus establish free water communication between the upper horizontal boiler G and the Waterspace in the double shell, and through the fire-box tubes HI and grate-tubes K. Steam communication is made between the upper part of the boiler Gand the upper steamspace of the main double shell by means of two pipes P P, which are preferably of elbow form, and connect opposite ends or heads of the boiler with the inner shell or plate B of the heater.

I apply the grate-tubes K to the fire-box in substantially the same manner as the watertubes are applied to the boiler G and the heater-shell. The tubes K are passed through holes made in the front and rear walls of the front fire-box watertube H, and are screwed at their inner ends into the nearest wall of the rear bridge-wall water-tube I, and the back ends of the grate-tubes are then expanded into the inner wall of the water-tube H, and plugs R are then screwed into the holes in the outer wall thereof. In like manner the water-tubes O are passed inward through holes in the double shell A B, and their inner ends are screwed into the fittings N, and their outer ends are expanded at the shell B, and the holes in the outer shell A are then closed by screw-plugs R, all as shown in the drawings.

In order to compel the products of combustion to travel from the fire-box rearward to the back end of the upper horizontal boiler G, and forward through its tubes g, and thence rearward over the top of the boiler G or between it and the inner main boiler-shell B to the exit-fiue S and in direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, I fit a partition T between the upper part of the shell of the boiler G and the shell B, said partition extending across the rear end of the latter shell and ranging along both sides of the boiler G, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) and this partition T is met at the front of the heater by another partition or bonnet U, which is fitted between the front of the boiler G and the front 0 of the heater, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The hot-product-outlet flue S is provided with a damper s, which may be operated automatically or otherwise to control the draft at said flue. As the hot products from the fire-pot sweep rearward to enter the fire-tubes g of the horizontal boiler G, said products would impinge directly against the rear wall D of the heater and burn it out unless it were protected in some way. To accomplish this I have fitted across the rear end of the heater and as near as may be to the wall D a series of water-tubes V, connected in manifold-coil style to allow continuous zigzag circulation of water through the horizontal pipes of the coil, one end 1) of which opens below to the water-space between the main heatershells A B at one side of the heater, while its other upper end 0 connects with the water-space between these shells at the other side of the heater, as most clearly shown in Figs. 2, at, and 5 of the drawings. This manifold water-tube coil V not only protects the back plate D from the direct flame or heat, but it adds very largely to the steaming capacity of the heater.

It will be noticed that in the construction of my improved heater I have availed myself very largely of the well-known superiority of horizontally-arranged tubes over vertical ones, the water-tubes H, I, K, O, and V and the fire-tubes g of the boiler G all having horizontal positions. Hence the steaming or water-warming capacity of the heater is great and considerable economy in fuel is attained by comparison with other heaters of this class largely using vertical tubes.

The lower front ash-pit damper E above mentioned, instead of being hinged at one edge of the draft-opening c and closing by lapping at its opposite edge at the other side of the opening, is provided with central pivotbearings e e, which are journaled at opposite ends of the draft-opening, which is a little larger all around than the damper to allow it to swing freely within the opening. An arm 6 on the damper is connected by a chain or cord e with the lever f, which is operated by the interior diaphragm of the regulator F, which is influenced by the pressure in the heater in the usual well known manner. It is obvious that when the draft-damperE is centrally pivoted or is hinged to swing freely within the draft-opening it is much more sensitively responsive to changes of pressure brought upon the regulator-diaphragm than can be a damper which is hinged so as to close by lapping upon the edge or side of the draftopnin g, as in thelatter case when the damperis closed atmospheric pressure tends to keep it closed at the lap-joint until the pressure in the regulator is considerably increased, and when the damper is opened it opens quite a little all at once and increases the draft too suddenly, thereby accelerating the fire too rapidly and bringing injurious strains on the boiler plates or tubes. All these disadvantages are overcome by letting the damper swing freely within the draft-opening, as the pressure of the atmosphere then is alike at both faces of the damper and it responds instantly to very slight changes of pressure within the heater and regulator. In view of a requirement of the Patent Office that the construction of this damper and its arrangement relatively with a regulator influenced by the pressure in the heater or boiler cannot be claimed in this specification, these parts are therefore not claimed herein; but it is my purpose to claim them in a subsequent application for a separate patent. Hence they are to be herein considered merely as an exhibit, representing the heater or boiler in complete walking condition.

The water-supply pipe W is shown connected at the side of the heater and discharging into the bridge-wall water tube or chamher I, but it may be connected at any other convenient or preferred place. The heater may be used as a steam-generator to'supply steam for either direct or indirect steam-heating, or it may be used for heating water to be circulated from the exit-pipe a through water-tube heaters and thence back to the inletpipe IV, as will readily be understood.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming water chambers at opposite sides of the fire-box, transverse tubular Water chambers at the front and rear of the fire-box and communicating directly at their ends with the opposite side water-chambers of the shell, a series of longitudinal grate-tubes communicating at opposite ends with said transverse water tubes or chambers and through these with the side water-chambers of the shell, and a series of grate-bars sustained by the transverse .water-tubes and arranged. alternately with or between the grate-tubes, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming waterchambers at opposite sides of the fire-box, transverse tubular waterchambers at the front and rear of the fire-box and communicating directly at their ends with the opposite side water-chambers of the shell, a series of longitudinal grate-tubes communicating at opposite ends with said transverse water tubes or chambers and through these with the side water-chambers of the shell, and a series of rocking grate -bars sustained by the transverse tubes or chambers and arranged alternately with or between the grate-tubes, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming a continuous water-space at the opposite sides and top of the heater, a lower fire-box within the shell, an upper auxiliary fire-tube boiler sus tained above the fire-box and entirely within the combustion-chamber of the main shell, and tubes connecting the water-space of the auxiliary boiler with the water-space of the main shell, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming a con tinuous water-space at the opposite sides and top of the heater, a lower fire-box within the shell, an upper auxiliary fire'tube boiler sustained above the fire-box and entirely within the combustion-chamber of the main shell, and pipe connections between the upper steam-spaces of the auxiliary boiler and main 9o shell, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming a continuous water-space at the opposite sides and top of the heater, a lower fire-box within the shell, an upper auxiliary fire-tube boiler sustained above the fire-box and entirely within. the main shell, lower tube connections N 0 between the auxiliary boiler and opposite side water-spaces of the main shell, and upper pipe :00 connections P between the upper steamspaces of the auxiliary boiler and main shell, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in a steam or hot-water heater, of a double shell forming a conr05 tinuous water-space at the opposite sides and top of the heater, a lower fire-box within the shell, an upper auxiliary fire-tube boiler sustained above the fire-box entirely within the main shell, water-tubes connecting said aux- I10 iliary fire-tube boiler with the inclosing water-casing, and a water-tube lining the rear wall of the main boiler and extending between said wall and the rear part of the auxiliary boiler and communicating with the water- :15 space of the main double shell, substantially as described.

7. In a steam or hot-water heater, the combination, with a double shell forming a waterjacket, of a lower fire-box in the shell, ahori- 12o zontal fire-tube boiler G g, sustained above the fire-box, a smoke-outlet flue S from the shell, partitions T U in the shell at the boiler and compelling passage of hot products through the boiler-tubes and over the boiler 12 5 to the flue, and pipe connections between the interior of the boiler and the shell waterjacket, substantially as described.

8. In a steam or hot-water heater, the combination, with the double shell A B and front and rear walls 0 D, of a fire-box formed with front and rear water-tubes H I and communicating grate tubes K and rocking grate- Water-jacket of the shell, substantially as debars J, a horizontal fire-tube boilerG g, susscribed. tained in the shell, :1 smoke-outlet S, partitions T U at the boiler, tube connections NV 01 PRIEN DUBE' 5 O P between the shell water-jacket and the Witnesses:

boiler G, and a, manifold tube-lining V next HENRY L. GOoDWIN,

the rearwall D and communicating with the C. SEDGWIOK. 

